Sleep and Dreams, Hypnosis, Drugs and Consciousness
Tuesday Night Lecture – I was going to record the lecture but turns out I have no voice left with this cold. Therefore, I will ask that you write down the following points on your ppt notes that are attached to the sleep lab! Also, watch Crash Course on Altered States.
NOTES:
Why do we dream?
- Freud’s Theory- (wish fulfillment) dreams are time for the id to express itself; they reflect our innermost desires that are too threatening to express directly. Thus, dreams have manifest content (the literal narrative) and latent content (the underlying meaning)
- Information processing – dreams facilitate memory by rehearsing important events; dreams are bizarre because we incorporate other memories into them.
- Activation-Synthesis theory – the brain periodic “exercises” during the night by sending random electrical impulses; dreams are the brain’s interpretation of its own activity
Hypnosis
- an interaction in which on person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, etc will occur spontaneously.
- Theories of Hypnosis
- Social Influence Theory: Hypnosis an extension of everyday social behavior
- Divided consciousness Theory: hypnosis is a dissociation between our conscious awareness and our automatic behaviors.
Drugs and Consciousness
- Psychoactive Drugs – chemicals that alter perceptions and mood
- Tolerance- user requires a larger amount to get same effects
- Withdrawal – user experiences discomfort when discontinuing use
- Physical pain
- Psychological – cravings
- Myths
- Most people do NOT become addicted when using drugs medicinally
- People are equally as likely to overcome addiction by themselves as when they seek therapy
- Psychoactive Drugs
- Depressants
- Stimulants
- Hallucinogen
- Influences of Drug Use
- Negative correlation between drug education and use
- Evidence for biological predisposition for alcohol dependence
- Use correlated send of meaningless, stress, failure and depression
- Peer pressure – most likely to use if you believe friends use
Near Death Experience
- 30-40% of those had came close to death report NDE
- Commonalities: replay of old memories, out of body sensation, lights, tunnels
- Similar reports by
- uses of hallucinogens
- patients with temporal lobe seizures
- people experience prolonged isolation or cold and
- those suffering oxygen deprivation
- Those who have done hallucinogens and had NDE claimed they are different.
Crash Course: Please listen and take notes (use your powerpoint notes that I attached to the sleepy lab to jot notes down with)
Over the break please make sure you have completed:
a) Sleep Lab- Post results etc.. on the BLOG
b) Ice Cube Lab – Post results on the BLOG